@article{M775815A8, title = "Smartphone User Location Initialization in Multi-Floor Indoor Localization Using Magnentic Field Map and Deep Learning Model", journal = "The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences", year = "2024", issn = "1226-4717", doi = "10.7840/kics.2024.49.12.1698", author = "Jin-Woo Kim, Sanghoon Cho, Yoan Shin", keywords = "Smartphone-based indoor localization, Deep Learning, Magnetic field map, 3D location initialization, pedestrian dead reckoning", abstract = "In this paper, we propose a 3D location initialization method that combines a magnetic field map and a deep learning model to detect the initial floor and 2D location of a smartphone user, addressing the challenges of multi-floor indoor localization. The proposed method meets the requirements of infrastructure-free multi-floor indoor localization, and experiments have validated its performance in estimating the user's 3D position." }